Description.
When there is a fire breakout in the room the temperature
increases. This ultra compact and low cost fire alarm senses fire breakout
based on this fact.
Transistor
BC177 (Q1) is used as the fire sensor here. When the temperature increases the
leakage current of this transistor also increases. The circuit is designed so
that when there is an increase in the leakage current of Q1, transistor Q2 will
get biased. As a result when there is a fire breakout the transistor Q2 will be
on. The emitter of Q2 (BC 108) is connected to the base of Q3(AC 128). So when
Q2 is ON Q3 will be also ON. The transistor Q3 drives the relay which is used
to drive the load ie,light,bell,horn etc as an indication of the fire. The
diode D1 is used as a free wheeling diode to protect it from back EMF generated
when relay is switched.
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Circuit diagram with Parts list.
Notes.
§ The Preset R1 can be used to desired
temperature level for setting the alarm ON.
§ This is not a latching alarm,that is;when the
temperature in the vicinity of the sensor decreases below the set point the
alarm stops.
§ The circuit can be powered using a 9V
battery or a 9V battery eliminator.
§ All capacitors are electrolytic and must be rated
at least 10V.
§ The load can be connected through the C,NC,NO
points of the relay according to your need.
§ The calibration can be done using a soldering
iron, and a thermo meter. Switch ON the power supply.Keep the tip of soldering
iron near to the Q1. Same time also keep the thermometer close to it. When the
temperature reaches your desired value adjust R1 so that relay gets ON.Done!
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